中国黄土分布区多沙曲流发育规律   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

师长兴  章典 《地理学报》2000,55(2):228-234

依据中国黄土分布区多沙曲流的水沙资料、河床平面形态和河床大断面测量资料分析认为：多沙河流来水变率影响河床断面形态和曲流发育;由于窄深的河槽是高含沙水流输沙的必要条件和结果,因此随着含沙量的增加,多沙河流河床断面形态首先出现变窄深的趋势,随着含沙量的进一步增加,水流造床能力增大,河槽会向宽浅方向调整;一定的河床冲淤强度有利于曲流的发育,随着含沙量的增加,多沙河流河床曲率存在先增加后减小的规律。  相似文献   

汤原断陷断裂特征及构造样式分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SHEN Ye LIU Cai JIANG Li WANG Shi-yu WANG Dian .College of GeoExploration Science  Technology  Jilin University.Changchun  China  .College of Earth Sciences  Jilin University.Changchun  China 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,(Z2)

基于汤原断陷的4条主干地震剖面的重新构造解释,对断陷的整体构造样式进行了深入的介绍,总结出两种伸展构造样式、3种收缩构造样式、一种扭动构造样式以及一种反转构造样式.通过对不同构造样式的应力场分析,综合地震剖面特征,证明汤原断陷演化过程经历了5期的应力场变化。根据构造运动期次分析,发现局部构造与油气的生成时间具有较好的配置关系,断裂构造具有较好的封闭性。  相似文献   

多分量地震资料预测松辽盆地兴城地区深层火山岩与有利含气带   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王建民  杨冬  魏修成  付雷  王典  胡艳飞  郝雪  杨宝俊 《地球物理学报》2007,50(6):1914-1923

松辽盆地断陷期天然气有利带预测是扩大该盆地勘探领域的一个重要组成部分.为在油气资源基地松辽盆地开展大范围深层油气预测，选择徐家围子断陷内局部构造—升平-兴城构造进行地面三分量地震勘探，得到一个可行的预测方案.在深探井控制下，利用三分量地震资料，进行P波、P-SV波层位标定、震相对比，得到研究工区断陷期火山岩分布的局部预测；经过目标层段振幅比、频率比等物性参数的计算对比，得到该工区断陷期营城组有利含气区预测.进一步分析了研究工区区域构造对断陷期地层的控制作用.从烃源岩种类、成熟程度以及火山岩储层性能几方面综合分析，认为在更大范围内存在深层有利含气区带是可能的.最后指出在深层有利含气区带预测中采用三维三分量技术的必要性，以及无井控预测的基本方法，包括构造特征、地层特征预测知识的延用，多参数特征间相似性和综合比较等.  相似文献   

Early Palaeozoic arc-related gabbro-diorite suite in East Junggar,southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt: petrogenesis and tectonic implications     

Dian Xiao  Qun’An Liao  Hao Zhao  Zhen Zeng 《International Geology Review》2020,62(9):1205-1223

ABSTRACT

The Armantai and Kalamaili oceans were both important branches of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean between the Altai microcontinent and the Junggar juvenile crust; however, their geological evolution is not completely clear. This paper reports detailed petrological, zircon geochronological, whole-rock elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data for a newly discovered gabbro-diorite suite (Akputo pluton) in East Junggar to constrain this issue. Quartz diorite and hornblende gabbro yield intrusion ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of ca. 444–440 Ma, which indicates that mafic-intermediate magmatism occurred in the earliest Silurian. The gabbroic-dioritic rocks have tholeiite to calc-alkaline affinities and are characterised by moderately fractionated rare earth element patterns with flat heavy rare earth elements, enrichment in Rb, Ba, K, Sr, and depletion in Nb, Ta, Ti. Low initial Sr and Pb isotopic compositions and positive ε_Nd(t) indicate a derivation from the isotopically depleted mantle sources. The geochemical compositions and melting calculations suggest that the gabbro-diorite suite originated from partial melting of spinel-bearing mantle sources that had been metasomatised by subduction-derived fluids and sediments. The Akputo intrusions formed in an arc setting related to the southward subduction of the Armantai Ocean. Taking the regional angular unconformity between the Ordovician sediments and Silurian volcanics into account, we further suggest that the Early to Middle Silurian was a transition period of the closure of Armantai Ocean and the initial spreading of Kalamaili Ocean.  相似文献   

四川盆地大暴雨降水的日变化模拟偏差成因分析     

薛羽君  白爱娟  赵学华  李典 《气象科学》2014,34(3):310-316

利用WRF模式模拟了2011年6月16-17日四川盆地的一次大暴雨过程,首先根据24 h累积降水的位置、强度,选取了位于不同地形的3个强降水中心作为代表站,分析其降水日变化的模拟效果。结果表明:模式基本模拟出了位于川东北盆地边缘旺苍地区的降水峰值;而对位于盆中的荣昌站和位于川西高原的越西地区的模拟效果不理想。为了揭示影响逐时降水的因子,对3个代表站不同时刻的模拟效果进行对比分析,发现强降水的模拟效应与对流层中水汽、动力以及热力条件的模拟效果紧密相关。模式对水汽、位势高度、流场、垂直速度及大气层结状况这些物理量在各个时刻的不同模拟效果导致了逐时降水模拟的偏差,模式中盆地周围山地地形高度的偏差同样影响降水的模拟效果。  相似文献   

基于抗差卡尔曼滤波的GM(1,1)模型在变形预计中的应用     

冉典 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(8):84-86

针对传统灰色模型建模过程中易受观测数据随机噪声干扰的影响,利用抗差卡尔曼滤波理论能够有效地估计含有噪声的观测值的优点,构建了基于抗差卡尔曼滤波的GM(1,1)模型。结合实例,验证了该模型在一定程度上可以提高变形监测预测精度,更好地反映观测对象的变形趋势。  相似文献   

Diagenetic of the Mesozoic complex weathering crust reservoir rock in Fulin subsag,Jiyang Depression          下载免费PDF全文

Zhu Shi-Fa  Jia Ye  Wan Chao-Fan  Ma Li-Chi  Cui Dian  Sun Chao  Jing An-Yu 《古地理学报》1999,22(3):555-569

The formation of weathering crust reservoirs and the analysis of their differences have become the current research focus of reservoir geology. The Mesozoic oil and gas exploration in the Fulin subsag of Zhanhua sag in the Jiyang Depression of Bohai Bay Basin has encountered its bottleneck. Only the weathering crust at top of the Cretaceous is currently penetrated by exploration wells and the weathering crust reservoir is characterized by complex lithology and high heterogeneity. In order to enhance exploration in the Mesozoic buried hill reservoir in the study area and even the Jiyang Depression,it's of great importance to figure out diagenetic evolution,reservoir space types and their combination relationships. The complex lithology of weathering crust reservoir rock of the Cretaceous Xiwa Formation in the Fulin subsag was studied by core and thin section observation combining with well logging data. The results show that the key lithologies of weathering crust include andesite and tuff,followed by dyke,cryptoexplosive breccia and glutenite. During the complex burial process,different tectonic units underwent the evolution of 'sag-uplift-uplift' or 'sag-uplift-sag',resulting in significant differences for diagenetic sequence and pore evolution of different reservoir rocks. The primary pore types and their genesis of igneous and clastic rocks are obviously different,but the present reservoir space is dominated by secondary pores,especially dissolution pores. The dissolved material includes porphyry,matrix and volcanic debris. The dominant fluid for dissolution is variable. In addition to the atmospheric fresh water rich in CO₂ during the uplifting and exposure,the organic acid discharged during the maturation of organic matter has a positive effect on improving reservoir quality. The formation of favorable weathering crust reservoir rock is controlled by lithology,burial evolution and diagenetic fluid. On the whole,the reservoir quality order of the Cretaceous Xiwa Formation in the Fulin subsag is as follow: Volcaniclastic rock,vesicular andesite,tuff,subvolcanic rock. Different weathering crust reservoir rocks in the study area underwent different diagenetic modification during the complex burial process.  相似文献   

基于分形理论的粉砂质泥岩酸雨崩解特征研究     

赵晓彦  李昆鹏  肖典  曾彩云  张良 《工程地质学报》2020,28(2):232-239

黏土岩的崩解过程易受环境条件(如崩解液特征)影响,酸雨作用对其影响显著,但其酸雨崩解特征有待研究。目前对黏土岩崩解特征的评价多采用耐崩解性指数,仅考虑崩解后大于2mm的残留颗粒质量,未反映崩解后的整体粒径分布特征。本文以典型酸雨区攀枝花机场滑坡为依托,选取滑带粉砂质泥岩,开展不同pH值条件下的岩石崩解试验;引入分形理论,建立分形维数与酸雨历时、降雨酸度间的相关关系,定量刻画粉砂质泥岩酸雨崩解特征及影响因素;采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法分析不同酸度崩解溶液的离子成分差异,以探索降雨酸度造成岩石崩解特征差异的本质原因。结果表明:采用分形理论可以较好地反映粉砂质泥岩酸雨崩解特征,分形维数越大,粉砂质泥岩崩解程度越大;分形维数与酸雨历时、降雨酸度之间皆存在明显对数正相关关系;不同降雨酸度粉砂质泥岩崩解特征存在差异的原因在于白云石、方解石溶蚀程度不同。研究成果可为酸雨地区黏土岩的工程性质评价提供参考。  相似文献   

Relocation of hypocenters from DOMERAPI and BMKG networks: a preliminary result from DOMERAPI project          下载免费PDF全文

Mohamad Ramdhan  Sri Widiyantoro  Andri Dian Nugraha  Jean-Philippe Métaxian  Asep Saepuloh  Said Kristyawan  Andry Syaly Sembiring  Agus Budi Santoso  Antoine Laurin  Ahmad Ali Fahmi 《地震科学（英文版）》2017,30(2):67-79

Merapi volcano located in central Java, Indonesia, is one of the most active stratovolcanoes in the world. Many Earth scientists have conducted studies on this volcano using various methods. The geological features around Merapi are very attractive to be investigated because they have been formed by a complex tectonic process and volcanic activities since tens of millions of years ago. The southern mountain range, Kendeng basin and Opak active fault located around the study area resulted from these processes. DOMERAPI project was conducted to understand deep magma sources of the Merapi volcano comprehensively. The DOMERAPI network was running from October 2013 to mid-April 2015 by deploying 46 broad-band seismometers around the volcano. Several steps, i.e., earthquake event identification, arrival time picking of P and S waves, hypocenter determination and hypocenter relocation, were carried out in this study. We used Geiger’s method (Geiger 1912) for hypocenter determination and double-difference method for hypocenter relocation. The relocation result will be used to carry out seismic tomographic imaging of structures beneath the Merapi volcano and its surroundings. For the hypocenter determination, the DOMERAPI data were processed simultaneously with those from the Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) seismic network in order to minimize the azimuthal gap. We found that the majority of earthquakes occurred outside the DOMERAPI network. There are 464 and 399 earthquakes obtained before and after hypocenter relocation, respectively. The hypocenter relocation result successfully detects some tectonic features, such as a nearly vertical cluster of events indicating a subduction-related backthrust to the south of central Java and a cluster of events to the east of Opak fault suggesting that the fault has an eastward dip.  相似文献   

低磷胁迫下翅碱蓬生长特性及脂肪酸含量的变化机制          下载免费PDF全文

刘瑀  陆超  焦点  刘宇馨  王国光 《海洋科学》2023,47(4):117-125

为了研究低磷条件对盘锦滨海湿地优势物种翅碱蓬的影响,本文探究了不同无机磷酸盐浓度处理下翅碱蓬生理指标、光合色素、丙二醛(MDA)及不同组织脂肪酸含量的变化。结果表明,翅碱蓬株高、茎长、茎粗、叶片数量、株重均与施磷浓度呈显著正相关,MDA含量与施磷浓度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。叶绿素a、叶绿素b及总叶绿素含量先降低后升高。低磷条件会影响翅碱蓬根部脂肪酸C18:2n6与C16:0的相互转化;叶片中多不饱和脂肪酸相对含量降低,中长链脂肪酸相对含量升高,茎中脂肪酸则无明显变化。本文分析翅碱蓬植被退化与磷含量的关系为盘锦辽河口湿地修复治理及翅碱蓬保护提供依据。  相似文献